František Maxmilián Kaňka (August 9, 1674 – July 14, 1766, both in Prague) was a Czech architect and builder.

He is most famous for reconstructions of palaces and castles of Bohemian noblemen and for designs of churches and other religious buildings, principally in Baroque style. His work includes:

• reconstruction of the Krásný Dvůr Castle, circa 1720;
• with Anselmo Lurago, the Astronomical Tower and other structures at the Clementinum, Prague, circa 1720;
• reconstruction of St. Procopius facade (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), Třebíč;
• the chateau Konopiště outside of the town of Benešov, last residence of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and now a museum;
• St. John Nepomuk Church, Kutná Hora;
• Veltrusy Mansion residence of count Václav Antonín Chotek of Chotkov and Vojnín.