Michal Kováč (born 5 August 1930, Ľubiša) is a Slovak politician in the early 1990s (member of the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia) and the first President of Slovakia after the creation of that state from 1993 to 1998.

He graduated from the present-day University of Economics in Bratislava and was a bank employee of the Státní banka československá and of other banks. As such, he spent some years in London and in Cuba in the 1960s. During the Normalization he was subject to some persecution.

During and after the Velvet Revolution, from December 12, 1989 to May 17, 1991 (when he resigned) he was the Finance Minister of the Slovak (Socialist) Republic.

In early 1991, he was one of the founders and the vice-chairman of the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia. As such, he was elected as a deputy to the Federal Assembly of Czechoslovakia in 1990. After the 1992 election he served as the Chairman of the Federal Assembly from June 25, to December 31, 1992. He played an important role in the process of the preparation of the Dissolution of Czechoslovakia.

He was elected president by the National Council of Slovakia in February 1993 (because he was a candidate of the biggest parliamentary party — the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia) and inaugurated on March 2, 1993. He soon became a strong opponent of Prime Minister Vladimír Mečiar and by giving a critical presidential address to parliament in March 1994, Kováč significantly contributed to the deposition of the then Mečiar government and the creation of the Moravčík government (which only lasted until the next parliamentary election in the autumn of 1994).

In 1995, the Mečiar-Kováč conflict intensified and the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia cancelled Kováč's (formal) membership in the party. In August 1995, Kováč's son — who had been accused of financial crimes by German authorities — was apparently kidnapped and taken to Austria. The president and opposition parties accused the Slovak secret police (SIS) and the government of having organized this kidnapping, but investigations carried out up to the present day have not provided any evidence for these claims.

Kováč's term ended on March 2, 1998. His candidature in the first direct Slovak presidential election, 1999 was unsuccessful. He has not been very visible in Slovak politics since this time and has appeared only at a few symbolic events.

On July 10, 2008 the Slovak media reported that Kováč probably suffers from Parkinson's disease. The former president has not yet confirmed this information but admitted that he has some health problems.