• Admiral of the Qing Navy Guan Tianpei, 1781

Among these, the most distinguished and lamented was poor old Admiral Kwan, whose death excited much sympathy throughout the force; he fell by a bayonet wound in his breast, as he was meeting his enemy at the gate of Anunghoy, yielding up his brave spirit willingly to a soldier's death, when his life could only be preserved through the certainty of degradation. He was altogether a fine specimen of a gallant soldier, unwilling to yield when summoned to surrender, because to yield would imply treason.

The following day, his body was claimed by his family and a salute of minute - guns was fired from HMS Blenheim in his honor.

Guan Tianpei was born in 1781 in Shanyang county (now Huai'an County) in Jiangsu province. His courtesy name is Zhongyin (仲因). In the eighth year of the Emperor Jiaqing (1803), he passed the imperial examination for military service, and he was successively assigned to the Bazong (把总), Qianzong (千总), Shoubei (守备), Youji (游击), Canjiang (参将) and vice general (参将), these being the military ranks during the Qing dynasty. In the sixth year of the Emperor Daoguang (1826), he was assigned to the vice-general of the Taihu camp in Jiangsu province. In 1827, Guan was assigned to the army officer in Susong county in Jiangnan. In the thirteenth year of the Emperor Daoguang (1833), Guan was assigned to the military commander of the Jiangnan area.

In the fourteenth year of the Emperor Daoguang (1834), Guan was assigned to the navy commander of the Guangdong province. When he arrived at Guangdong, he devoted himself to strengthening the coastal defenses. In the nineteenth year of the Emperor Daoguang (1839), Lin Zexu was appointed imperial commissioner in charge of prohibiting the use of opium in Guangzhou. When Lin arrived, Guan was influenced by Lin. Guan mobilized his navy and coordinated with Lin to prohibit the Opium trade. They captured about 20,000 chests of opium from the British merchants.

In 1839, British warships attacked the Qing navy in Chuenpi, Guan Tianpei commanded his navy and fought back, British warships were heavily damaged by Guan's navy. In the twentieth year of the Emperor Daoguang (1840), Lin Zexu was dismissed by the Emperor Daoguang. Qishan replaced Lin. Qi gave orders to remove Guan's coastal defenses by reducing the number of navy soldiers, and this gave the British forces the chance to invade. Many Guangdong local government officials hoped to make peace with the British forces. But Guan Tianpei was not swayed, and he was preparing to fight the British forces. Before the battle started, he dispatched a soldier to take his old clothes and tooth back to his hometown to give to his relatives.

On January 1841, British forces captured Shajiao (沙角) and Dajiao forts (大角炮台). Thus, Weiyuan Fort lost its protective screens. Guan Tianpei was defending with a few soldiers on the front line. Guan applied to Qishan for reinforcements, but Qi did not send an army to support Guan. Guan used his money to supply his troops, and he encouraged his soldiers to fight the British forces.

On February 26, British forces massively attacked Humen. Guan led 400 soldiers in defense. Several forts were captured by the British forces. A soldier asked Guan to retreat, but Guan refused and kept fighting. Guan gave his commander seal to a soldier and asked him to take it back to the emperor. A shell was fired and hit Guan. Guan died along with 400 soldiers.