• Biologist Louis Thuillier, 1856
• Bacteriologist Friedrich August Johannes Loeffler, 1852

With Pasteur and his colleagues, Thuillier was instrumental in developing vaccinations against rabies, swine fever and anthrax. In 1882 - 83 Thuillier was sent throughout Germany and Austria - Hungary, conducting a series of vaccinations of sheep and cattle against anthrax. On these trips he did further research of the disease, and conducted an ongoing correspondence of letters with Pasteur. These letters mention the successes and disappointments Thuillier had with the vaccine, and have been translated into English as "Correspondence of Pasteur and Thuillier, Concerning Anthrax and Swine Fever Vaccinations".

In 1883 he was sent on a mission to Alexandria with Pierre Paul Émile Roux (1853 - 1933) and Edmond Nocard (1850 - 1903) to study an epidemic of cholera. Thuillier contracted the disease and died on September 19, 1883 at the age of 27.

He obtained his M.D. degree from the University of Berlin in 1874. He worked with Robert Koch from 1879 – 1884 as an assistant in the Imperial Health Office in Berlin. In 1884, he became staff physician at the Friedrich Wilhelm Institute in Berlin, and four years later became professor at the University of Greifswald.

His development of original methods of staining rendered an important and lasting service to bacteriology. Among his discoveries was the organism causing diphtheria (Corynebacterium diphtheriae) and the cause of foot and mouth disease (Aphthovirus). He also created Löffler's serum, a coagulated blood serum used for the detection of the bacteria. In 1887 he founded the Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie und Parasitik.

The Friedrich Loeffler Institute on the Isle of Riems near Greifswald is named in his honor.